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Fællesforeningen for Danmarks Brugsforeninger
FDB ((デンマーク語:Fællesforeningen for Danmarks Brugsforeninger), "Danish Consumers Cooperative Society") is a cooperative based in Denmark. In 2011, the coop had over 1.6 million members out of a Danish population of 5.5 million, 1.1 million of whom used active accounts and 3,400 of whom were involved in the cooperative's decision making.〔
== History ==
An association of cooperatives formed in Zealand in 1884 was first named the ''Fællesforeningen for Danmarks Brugsforeninger'', but the present FDB was founded in 1896 from a merger between that association and the cooperative association for Jutland. In 1897, it began forming its own factories and brands, some of which like Cirkel-brand coffee continue to be successful although most were shuttered in the 1980s and 1990s. In 1918, it helped form the NAF (', "Nordic Coop Federation") which later became Coop Norden AB. In 1952, it opened the first viable supermarket in the Faroes at Thorshavn.〔FDB. "(''FDB's historie og udvikling'' )" (History & Development" ). Accessed 1 May 2012.〕
FDB originally focused on manufacturing and wholesaling, branding its retail operations simply "Brugsen" ("Coop"). In 1961, it opened the Kvickly chain in Aalborg, which sold clothes and hardware in addition to food. It merged with the large HB supermarket chain in 1971 and opened the discount OBS! chain in 1972 at Høje Tåstrup. By the 1980s, the company began shuttering its factories and focusing more on retail operations. It purchased Irma in 1982 and Fakta in 1987. Between 1991 and 1995, it rebranded its own stores as the SuperBrugsen supermarkets, the Dagli'Brugsen local markets, and the LokalBrugsen convenience stores.〔Coop Denmark. "(Vores historie )" (History" ). Accessed 1 May 2012.〕
All of these outlets were placed under Coop Denmark in 2001 in preparation for the 2002 union of its operations with those of Norway's NKL and Sweden's KF as Coop Norden. FDB held a 38% stake in the new unitary company, but its poor performance caused the parent companies to redivide its operations by 2008. FDB continued to organize its retailers under the Coop Denmark heading,〔 which now holds a one-third interest in Coop Norden's purchasing-agent successor Coop Trading A/S.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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